Gugan is a city in, and the capital of, Gugan District of Azarshahr County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. At the time of the 2006 National Cens…Gugan is a city in, and the capital of, Gugan District of Azarshahr County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 10,949 in 3,109 households. The following census in 2011 counted 11,395 people in 3,564 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 11,742 people in 3,892 households.