This report presents the findings and recommendations from the 2025 assessment of Botswana’s public sector debt statistics (PSDS) in relation to the IMF’s Data Quality Assessment Framework (DQAF) for ...

This paper proposes a “quasi-agnostic” sign restriction procedure to identify structural shocks in frequentist structural vector autoregression (SVAR) models. It argues that low acceptance rates, ...

This paper assesses the stance of monetary policy in eleven Sub-Saharan African (SSA) emerging and frontier market economies. We estimate neutral real interest rates using a range of methodologies, ...

This paper documents five empirical facts about the role of strategic complementarities in firms’ price-setting behavior, using administrative data from Chilean firms. (1) Strategic complementarities ...

The Canadian economy has navigated the pandemic well and achieved a soft landing but rising trade tensions pose significant challenges. Amid sharp monetary tightening to control high levels of ...

This note explores the implementation of central bank digital currencies in environments with limited connectivity, emphasizing the need for offline solutions to enhance financial inclusion. It ...

This paper investigates the nexus between persistent house price increases and productivity growth in Canada, focusing on the collateral channel. We first present a stylized model explaining the ...

This paper examines financial interconnectedness in Asia, particularly through Singapore, and the link between trade and financial flows. It finds that Asia's financial integration lags behind its ...

An International Monetary Fund (IMF) staff team, led by Ms. Xiangming Li, IMF mission chief for Eswatini, visited Mbabane from July 24 - August 6, 2025, to conduct discussions for the 2025 Article IV ...

A key challenge facing the UK is to increase growth, which has slowed down markedly since the Global Financial Crisis. As part of the government’s approach to this challenge, a new industrial strategy ...

This paper introduces the Bilateral Trade in Services (BiTS) database. It draws on a range of sources to provide the broadest-possible, consistent coverage of bilateral services trade for the period ...