It took 125 years, but in 2025 a team of mathematicians discovered the solution to a long-puzzling problem about the ...

Almost exactly 200 years ago, French physicist Sadi Carnot determined the maximum efficiency of heat engines. The Carnot ...

Parkinson's disease is no longer viewed as a faraway neurological ailment buried in textbooks. More than 10 million people ...

As drones survey forests, robots navigate warehouses and sensors monitor city streets, more of the world’s decision-making is ...

Encapsulated microbubbles (EMBs) are vital in ultrasound imaging and emerging drug-delivery technologies. To analyze their ...

Atomic and molecular physics it the study of the properties, dynamics and interactions of the basic (but not fundamental) building blocks of matter. A crucial component of this is understanding the ...

For two centuries, students have learned that heat flows and engines work according to rigid limits that no machine can beat.

Quantum physics is the study of matter and energy at its most fundamental level. A central tenet of quantum physics is that energy comes in indivisible packets called quanta. Quanta behave very ...

In addition to general information, you will be asked for the following during the application process: Personal statement (should include information about past research, current research interests, ...

Lucas Downey is the co-founder of MoneyFlows, and an Investopedia Academy instructor. Dr. JeFreda R. Brown is a financial consultant, Certified Financial Education Instructor, and researcher who has ...

Clay Halton was a Business Editor at Investopedia and has been working in the finance publishing field for more than five years. He also writes and edits personal finance content, with a focus on ...

The Chicago Manual of Style is an American English style guide published by the University of Chicago Press. The Manual’s guidelines for publishing, style and usage, and citations and indexes—known as ...